Furnace construction



Patented Sept. 25, i323,

JAMES enses, or MONTREAL, QUEBEC, CANADA.

remmen CONSTRUCTION.

Application mea october 4, 1920.A lsenin No: 41eme;

T czZZ whom t may concer-n: 'Y I Be it known that I, JAMrS Gnrns, a subject of the King of Great Britain, and residentY of the City of Montreal, in the Province of Quebec and Dominion of Canada, have inventedv certain new and useful Improvements in Furnace Construction, of which the following is a` full, clear, and exectdescription.

This invention relates to in'iprovenients in furnace construction, and the object of the invention is to p-rovidea. novel refractory lining for furnaces and a novel method of securing the seine` in the furnace.

which will be readily removed for rene-wel without damage' tothe Yfurneceffivall.l v

still further object is to provide a fur-v nece lining so constructed that it will not be projected into the furnace b-y accumulations of` grit fel-lling behind it.

The invention consists briefly in providing aV furnace havingl a suit-ably shaped recessV thereziround extending from the level of the grate upwardly. The lining is composed of a series of blocks, each ini two cooperare-- ing parts arranged one above the other and eech engaging` in the furnace Wall ina ina-nner to hold tllien 'against tilting into the furnace.V

En' the drawings which illu-strate the-'in`Y Vention;- Y

Fig. l is e perspective view of'a furnace constructed eccordingto this invention partv ly broken ewey in section.V f

Fig'qrQ' is e vertical seetionel vieur illus'-Vv trating the lining construction and auz'raiige ment. y y n Fig. 3 is an end elevetionof a modified 40 forni of block. A f f Referring` more particularly to the drawings, ll designates the 'wall lforming-a boiler furnace and-12 the grates. The wall of this furnace is providedvfrorn the level of the `rate upwardsvrith ar recess 13 which extends around `tl`ie furnace from side toA side of thedoorwey and, if desired, through the doorway itself to the outer surface of the well. The np-per and lowerperts of the 5f?4 recess, designated le@ and l5 respectively', are vdeeper than the'interxnediate;fportion.

The lining of the furnace consi-sts of' e,v

pluralityl of composite blocks 16 each com prising upper lower parts l? Aand V18 respectively, preferebly incl-ined their A further object-is to provide a lining meeting/edges 19; Each blockV partisy substantially L-sheped in Across section', Vas clearly shown in Figure '2, and what may be considered the tail portions 20-of theLs are thinner than the stem portionsy 2l.l These tail portions are preferably the thickness of a standard brick and adapted to iitieasily and yet iirrnly inthe deepened upperfend lowerportions 14;# and 15 ofthe recess, as

clearly sho-wn in, Figure 2, While the stein portions 2.1 7'of the blockpar-ts occupy the ina-in portion of the recess, completely filling; the seme sof that the fece 22 of thejblockj is flush with the surface of the Wall. lTherecess also extend-'s a short distancel below the deeplower portion l5 to receive e' stretcher' course 23 of brick. nieyy be also continued ebove the Yupper deepened portion Me toV rece-ive another stretcher course 24. lt will be understood,

is.v necessary to .the invention. The meeting edgesy of the block parts are preferably of lf desired, the recess tongue and groove construction, shown i et 25, but: ien/ill be understood that this is not essentiel; rl`he lower Y'partV 18 of`v the block is preferablyconstructed of carborunduin or other suitablehighly refractory ineterial.' rlhe upper part l? `iney be con-1 structed of any goed refractory, such as fire clay, or maybe of the same meteriel as the* lower partof the bloclr.VV The Verti'celVedg-es of the block may be formed in anyk suitable-2 ina-nner to preventthe passage of Herneand ges between the 1n place.

En buil-diner the'furnece the .recess is constructedy as previously described and Ythe l block parts inserted, the lower part first and the upper part afterwards.V Zhen the blocks become burned out, they Vmay berend ily 'blocks when' the saine are renewed r withoutinterfering with or in any Way destroyingvthe wall con' 'y struction, owing to the sliallowness ofthe recess. either of the stretcher courses 23 or '2dv niay be removed if necesserypto Vgive the block ports limited movement suficient'to enable, the groove and tongue connection 25 to be- In removing lburnt out blocks,

disengaged and peri'nit the upper portion l? of a. bloclrto be Withdrawn.V The Vlower portion 1s then Withdrawn and a new lower portion inserted.A rlhe topy part is then inloo Serted and lastly the stretcher course if fit,V

vhas been removed. The stretcher course,

75 i however, that only one such stretcher course v together with the grouting of fire clay or the like inserted between it and the wall and between it and the block, will hold the upper and lower block parts sufficiently close together so that the groove and tongue construction will -prevent the upper part working cut of the recess. As the greater part of the burning out will, occur in the lower part of the block, it may be possible to use the upper part again. rlh'is will depend to a large extent upon the depth and character of the fire and, in order to deal economically with lires of all descriptions, the upper and lower parts of the block nia-y be of different relative sizes. That is to say, the vertical measurement of the upper part 17 may be much greater relatively to the vertical measurement of the lower part than shown in the drawings. lt is preferable, however, that the parte bear approximately the relation illustrated in Figure 2,

i since to a certain extent the mechanical operation of the block depends upon this.

The movement in any boiler setting due to vibration and to expansion and contraction causes a. certain amount of grit to work off the blocks, and it has been found that this grit tends to accumulate behind lining blocks and force the saine into the furnace. The movement of the blocks is usually a tipping one. In the present construction, the foot 2O of the upper block which projectsrearwardly from the rear face of the block excludes from the back of the block all grit falling from above the block. The only grit which can accumulate behind the block is therefore that which originates behind the block itself. Any tendency of the lower part of the block to tip outwardly due to such an accumulation of grit is of course resisted by the upper part of the block, which holds the lower part both by the tongue and groove engagement and by the slope of the meeting faces. The tendency to outward swing of the lower block part produces a similar tendency in the upper part, and this tendency in both parts is resisted by the rearwardly projecting tails 20 of the parts engaging in the deeper portions of the wall recess. The block parts will of course tend to swing about their upper and lower edges respectively on the stretcher courses 23, 24E. When either of these courses is removed, it will be understood that suflicient freedom of movement will be given the parts'to enable their seperation for removal. The re-insertion of the stretcher course, together with the grouting or chinling of fire-clay, will hold the parts securely in interlocking position. lf the tongue anclgroove connection is sufficiently shallow, as shown in Figure 2, it may not be necessary to remove either stretcher course, as removal of the grouting above and below the block will permit sufficient movement of the block parts to clear the tongue over the front lip of the groove.

The precise form of the blocks may be subject to a number of niodications which cannot be all described at length. lustrative of such modifications, there is shown in Figure 3 a block having the upper and lower parts la and'lStL thereof rabbetted as at 19tinstead of meeting in an inclined plane, as shown` in the other figures. In any forni of the block, the recess in the furnace wall Vis so shallow that the wall above the recess isself supporting without any specialV construction such as a coinice.

l claim is zl. A furnace wall having a recess extend-y As il- Having thus described my invention, what ately adjacent the top and bottom walls than y in the intervening portion, and lining blocks inserted in said recess having rearwardly` projecting portions forming continuations of the top and bottom surfaces of the blocks and engaging the deeper parts of the recess to hold the blocks against tipping into the furnace. Y

2. A furnace wall having arrecess extending therearound from the level of the grateV upward, said recess being deeper-at top and bottom than in the intervening portion, and lining blocks inserted in said recess having rearwardly projecting portions engaging the deeper parts of the recess to hold the blocks against tipping into the furnace, each block being composed of upper and lower parts adapted to interlock and hold in such interlocking relation when in the wall recess. n

3. A furnace wall having a recess extending therearound from the level of the grate upward, said recess being deeper at top and bottom than in the intervening portion, and lining blocks inserted in said recess having rearwardly projecting portions engaging the deeper parts of therecess to hold the blocks against tipping into the furnace, each block being composed of upper and lower parts having inclined meeting edges.

4. A furnace wall having a recess extending therearound from the level of the grate upward, said recess being deeper at top and bottom than in the intervening portion, and lining blocks inserted in said recess having rearwardly projecting portions engaging the deeper parts of the recess t0 hold the ing therearound, said Vrecess being deeper at top and bottoni than in the intervening portion, lining blocks inserted in said lecess having rearwardly projecting portions engaging the deeper parts of the recess to hold the blocks against tipping into the furnace, each block comprising upper andV lower portions adapted for interlocking engagement in the recess7 anda removable stretcher course in the wall at a longitudinal edge of the recess normally holding the block parts in interlocking relation and removable to permit movement of the block parts for disengagement. v

6. A block comprising upper and lower parts, a rearwardly extending flange yat the upper part of the upper bloc-li and a rearwardly extending'iiange at the lower part of the lower block, saidflanges being adapted for engagement in recesses of a furnace wall to hold the block parts against tipping into a furnace, one of said block parts beingV formed to overlie the other part to hold the same against tipping into a furnace.

v7.V A furnacel lining block comprising upsurface. 1

8. A furnace lining block comprising per and lower parts, the upper partdepending at the front surfa'celbelo-w the top of the lower part at the rear surface.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand.

y JAMES GATES. 

